Health issues and heat waves
In this lecture, we cover a first type of direct impacts :
- The impacts on freshwater availability
- The increase in heat wave risk
Adaptation to these impacts are important elements of adaptation strategies of numerous cities around the world.
Required reading
Freshwater availability
To know more
- A C40 webpage about freshwater availability in various cities across the world.
- On C40 website, examples of adaptation policies in:
- To know more about water and climate change in Paris, see this document [in French].
Heatwaves
Heatwaves and health issues
Adaptation to heatwaves
To know more
More resources on heat and adaptation:-
- A series of papers by Our World in Data:
- How many people die from extreme temperatures, and how this could change in the future: Part one
- How many people die from extreme temperatures, and how this could change in the future: Part two
- How can the world reduce deaths from extreme heat?
- Air conditioning causes around 3% of greenhouse gas emissions. How will this change in the future?
- How to adapt your city to extreme heat? on C40 website
- Adapting to Heat on U.S. Environmental Protection Agency website
- The explanation of heat island effects on MIT website
- [in French] What is the heat island effect? and How can we adapt Paris to heatwaves? by the Agence Parisienne du Climat
- [in French] Ilots de chaleur urbains : à quoi ce phénomène est-il dû ? Quelles villes sont les plus touchées ? and Le paradoxe de la climatisation : de plus en plus nécessaire, elle aggrave le réchauffement by Le Monde
- Rafraîchir les villes by Ademe (in French) and its sshorter international version in English